It is not possible to short out a car battery by throwing half a glass of urine at it. Even if the liquid should form a continuous conductor (which is beyond unlikely) it would simply heat up and evaporate. It takes more than a minute for a car battery to destroy itself even if you drop a metal wrench onto the pole pieces and it gets welded in place there by the arc (which is a thing that does indeed happen). Obviously, a wrench makes a far more efficient and resilient conductor.
The way the electrified cage is shown, it would not work. The two leads from the battery are both hooked up to the outside of the cage. This would just short out the battery. A better way would have been to put a metal plate in the bottom of the cage, not touching the sides, with one lead from the battery going to the plate and one to the cage. This way when Translucent touched the side of the cage the current would pass through him.
Translucent is in a metal cage with a metal bottom. He would not be continuously electrocuted though because electricity always follows the path of the least resistance, which in this case is directly through all the metal.
In the crash into the electronic store a tail light was crashed. Arriving with the car at the butchery the tail light was shown intact and was damaged (removed) in the next scene.
At about the 23:44 mark, Madelyn Stillwell is asking about the location of Translucent, and Anika says he is in Jersey City, indicating several highlighted blocks on a map. The map is actually displaying Washington DC, with the White House and Ellipse clearly visible at the lower left corner.
The Deep tells the media that he has located the mayor's Gulfstream. The business jet that crashed in The Name of the Game (2019) was a Hawker 800 and not a Gulfstream.