The name of the mark, Travis Zilgram, may be a combined reference to Dr. Stanley Milgram and Professor Philip Zimbardo, who were both responsible for famous university experiments. Milgram was a social psychologist at Yale University in the 1960s who conducted experiments using electric shocks (similar to the experiment Parker participates in). Zimbardo conducted the famous Stanford Prisoner Experiment in 1971; this was funded by the Office of Naval Research, and resembles the experiment being conducted by the 'Dustmen'.
Order of the 206 seems to reference Yale's Skull and Bones society.
The "Sleep" or "PTSD" experiment being run on the homeless men in the episode is based on two famous pieces of psychological warfare/experimentation from the US's past: the Stanford Prisoner Experiment was run by Philip Zimbardo in 1971 and was funded by the Office of Naval Research. It arbitrarily split a group of students into prisoners and guards to observe the power dynamic of the group. Much like the Milgram experiment, the results were haunting.
The experiment Parker volunteers for is similar to the one Dr. Peter Venkman is conducting at the beginning of the first Ghostbusters movie, except that here they are testing how it affects learning, while Venkman was allegedly testing for ESP sensitivity.
Parker says she's been off her meds for 42 days, a reference to "The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy," in which the number 42 is supposedly the answer to "the ultimate question of life, the universe, and everything." This number is used multiple times throughout the series.