At one point "Ghost" Six threatens Baltar, "Don't make me angry. You wouldn't like me when I'm angry." This is a direct reference to a famous line by David Banner (Bill Bixby) from The Incredible Hulk (1977).
The story is remarkably similar to the Star Trek: The Next Generation (1987)'s The Drumhead (1991). Battlestar Galactica showrunner Ronald D. Moore was an executive story editor for TNG at that time.
47,958 survivors as last listed on Laura Roslin's white board. The number is not shown or announced but the count doesn't change during subsequent shows.
When Commander Adama picks up his reading glasses, he does so from atop a Reader's Digest Condensed Book copy of "A Walk In The Park".
While watching Lt. Agathon, the Cylons overlook The Dominion Building, a well-known landmark in Vancouver, BC, Canada.