The language spoken in beginning of film, Old Norse, is very similar to modern Icelandic.
The Oseberg Ship actually has a runic inscription which is commonly translated as "litet-vis maðr", which means "man knows little".
Ragnarok (Old Norse Ragnarok, "The Doom of the Gods" ) is the name the pre-Christian Norse gave to the end of their mythical cycle, during which the cosmos is destroyed and is subsequently re-created.