Who Is America's Greatest Summer Olympian?
Which American Summer Olympian best represents the USA in both Olympic spirit and Olympic results?
Take the companion poll: Who is America's Greatest Winter Olympian?
Discuss the topic here. *Special thanks to DC for his invaluable help with the images.
Take the companion poll: Who is America's Greatest Winter Olympian?
Discuss the topic here. *Special thanks to DC for his invaluable help with the images.
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- Jesse Owens, arguably the most popular American track and field star in history, was -- along with his contemporary, world's heavyweight champion Joe Louis -- one of the first African Americans to change white society's perception of both black athletes and, more importantly, people of color. The future Olympic champion was born James Cleveland Owens on September 12, 1913 in Oakville, Alabama, the youngest of 10 children born to sharecroppers Henry and Emma Owens. When young "J.C." as he was called was eight years old, his parents decided to abandon their small hometown and flee the sharecropper's life of peonage (legal in the U.S. until a 1938 Supreme Court decision outlawed it) by moving north to Cleveland, Ohio to find a better way of life, far away from the Jim Crow segregated south. J.C. was enrolled in a public school, and on his first day of school, the teacher heard his name as "Jesse", which was what he would be known as instead of J.C. for the rest of his life.
Prosperity did not come with the move to Cleveland as southern blacks were to find that racism was prevalent up north too, and Owens had to work while attending school to help support his family. Because he had to work after school, his high school track coach would meet him in the mornings to train him, due to his great talent. He was recruited by many colleges, but decided to go to the University of Ohio, but without a scholarship, he had to again work his way through school. In addition, he had to face discrimination daily on campus and during the travels to track meets, as America was still in the throes of legal segregation.
Owens married his high school sweetheart, Ruth Solomon, in 1935, and they eventually had three daughters together. At the Big Ten meet in Ann Arbor on May 25, 1935, Owens set three world records and tied a fourth in less than an hour. Owens tied the record in the 100-yard dash at 9.4 seconds, and set records in the broad jump (26 feet 8 1/4 inches), the 220-yard dash (20.3 seconds) and the 220-yard low hurdles (22.6 seconds). The stage was set for Berlin.
The Berlin Olympics of 1936 were held in Adolf Hitler's Nazi Germany, and Hitler's Nazi Party used the event as a soapbox to promulgate the theory of "Aryan" racial superiority. Hitler was spectacularly shown up by Jesse Owens and other African American athletes, members of a so-called "inferior" race. Despite the hostile atmosphere, Owens triumphed in the 100-meter dash, the 200-meter dash and the broad jump. He replaced a Jewish-American member of the 400-meter relay team that went on to win the Gold Medal. In three of his events, Owens -- who became the first American in the history of track and field to win four gold medals in a single Olympics, a feat not duplicated until 1984, when Carl Lewis won gold medals in the same events at the Warsaw Pact nations-free 1984 Summer Olympics) -- established Olympic records. It is disputed whether Owens shook hands with Hitler. By the end of the games, the German fans cheered for him. In fact, in his 1970 autobiography "The Jesse Owens Story", Owens claimed that the Fuhrer himself waved to him.
Owens' life after the Olympics was marred by the lack of opportunities provided to all African Americans, not just athletes. Although he came back to a ticker-tape parade held in in his honor by the City of New York, Owens had to ride the freight elevator to attend a reception for him at the posh Waldorf-Astoria hotel. In his autobiography, Owens remembered, "When I came back to my native country, after all the stories about Hitler, I couldn't ride in the front of the bus. I had to go to the back door. I couldn't live where I wanted. I wasn't invited to shake hands with Hitler, but I wasn't invited to the White House to shake hands with the President, either."
Like many African Americans in the first half of the 20th Century, Owens was a Republican. The Democratic Party traditionally counted on the votes of the "Solid South", politicians who were anti-black and pro-segregation, while the Party of Lincoln traditionally was the party of civil rights legislation, which died in committee under long-serving Southern Democratic pols in Congress. It was not until the 1960 Presidential election that a majority of African Americans voted for the Democratic candidate rather than the Republican. Thus, it is not surprising that Owens endorsed Republican Presidential candidate 'Alf Landon' over incumbent President 'Franklin D. Roosevelt' in 1936, who would lose, crushed under the massive landslide racked up by FDR, who began to form a "New Deal coalition" that would embrace African Americans.
After the Olympics, Owens had difficulty making a living and turned to sports promotion, essentially turning himself into an entertainer. Though boxing was integrated, the number of African American contenders was regulated as to not alienate white fans, and the pro sports of baseball, football and basketball were segregated. Black athletes, even those as popular as Owens, did not begin winning serious promotional contracts until the 1970s.
To make an income, Owens engaged in many exhibitions, such as running against race horses before Negro League professional baseball games. He moved to Chicago, Illinois, where he became a radio disc-jockey. He was extremely well-liked, and became an in-demand public speaker. Owen's popularity grew with the time, as he was seen after the war as the man who showed up Hitler and his discredited policies of racial superiority, thus becoming an important public figure in a society that, beginning with the Supreme Court decision desegregating schools (Brown v. Board of Education, 1954), was facing the painful process of overcoming its own racial hatreds and sordid past.
Owens started his own public relations firm, and traveled around the country speaking on behalf of corporations and for US Olympic Committee. His speeches stressed the importance of religion, hard work and loyalty. He also sponsored and participated in youth sports programs in inner-city neighborhoods. In 1976, President Gerald Ford bestowed the Medal of Freedom on Jesse Owens, the highest civilian honor the United States government can award.
Jesse Owens, one of the more remarkable Americans to grace the world stage, died on March 31, 1980 in Phoenix, Arizona from complications of lung cancer, likely caused by his pack-a-day cigarette smoking habit. He was buried in Oak Woods Cemetery in Chicago, Illinois. Owens was 66 years old. His Owens's memory is kept alive by his widow Ruth and his daughter Marlene, who operate the Jesse Owens Foundation, which provides financial assistance and support to deserving young people s from disadvantaged backgrounds.
Honors continued to accrue to Owens, even after death, testament to his greatness as a symbol of overcoming adversity. In 1984, a street in Berlin was named after him, and a school was renamed Jesse Owens Realschule/Oberschule (Secondary School). On March 28, 1990, Owens was posthumously awarded a Congressional Gold Medal, which was presented to his family by President 'George H. W. Bush'. - Jenny Thompson was born on 26 February 1973 in Danvers, Massachusetts, USA. She has been married to Daniel Richard Cumpelik since 5 September 2010.
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Frederick Carlton "Carl" Lewis (born July 1, 1961) is an American former track and field athlete, who won 10 Olympic medals, including nine gold, and 10 World Championships medals, including eight gold. His career spanned from 1979 to 1996 when he last won an Olympic title and subsequently retired.
Lewis was a dominant sprinter and long jumper who topped the world rankings in the 100 m, 200 m and long jump events frequently from 1981 to the early 1990s. He set world records in the 100 m, 4 × 100 m and 4 × 200 m relays, while his world record in the indoor long jump has stood since 1984. His 65 consecutive victories in the long jump achieved over a span of 10 years is one of the sport's longest undefeated streaks. Over the course of his athletics career, Lewis broke ten seconds for the 100 meters 15 times and 20 seconds for the 200 meters 10 times.- Actress
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Allyson Felix was born on November 18, 1985 in California. Nicknamed "Chicken Legs" for her lanky physique, Felix went out for the track team in 7th grade. She excelled from the start, within a year finishing seventh in the 200-meter dash at the CIF California State Meet, eventually becoming a five-time winner. At the 2004 Summer Games, she finished second in the women's 200-meter race, behind Jamaica's Veronica Campbell-Brown, and earned the silver medal. She earned another silver at the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing, again finishing behind Campbell-Brown. She earned her first gold that year, with the women's 4-by-400-meter relay team. Felix became a three-time Olympic gold medalist in 2012; at the 2012 Olympic Games in London, she won two gold medals, in the women's 200 and the 4-by-100-meter relay.- Michael Fred Phelps II was born in Towson, Maryland, to Deborah Sue (Davisson), a middle school principal, and Michael Fred Phelps, a state trooper. Before the 2004 Olympics started, rumor had it that 19 year-old Phelps was thinking of trying to match or even surpass Mark Spitz's legendary seven gold medals record. By his fourth race with one gold and two bronze it was obvious he couldn't tie it but instead he could match Russian gymnast's Alexander Dityatin's record of eight medals in one Olympics. Every race after the two bronze he came away with gold. After his seventh race he did a truly noble thing by handing over his butterfly leg on the 4 x 200m Freestyle relay to Ian Crocker a temporary rival and now a friend. To everyone this was deemed the most selfless act of the games but to Michael it was just giving his team mate another chance. Throughout the entire week of competition he barely managed to sleep so when he finally got to rest he went to check out how the dominant women's teams were doing and enjoying the culture and atmosphere in Athens. The success in Athens was amazing. He surpassed fellow American, Mark Spitz's record of 7 gold medals, that were set in the 1972 Olympic Games, at Munich, Germany, 36 years earlier. In Beijing 2008: Games of the XXIX Olympiad (2008), after record tying seventh gold medal, Mark Spitz personally called Michael Phelps and congratulated him for his historic feats and records, he achieved in Beijing, China, were well watched as Mark Spitz's record were tied and broken, by Phelps, as he and teammates were 8 for 8, in 2008. All are first place gold medals!
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Serena Williams is one of the greatest female tennis players of all time. She earned her first Grand Slam singles title at the U.S. Open in 1999, and won a string of five Grand Slam singles title wins: the 2002 French Open, Wimbledon, and U.S. Open titles and the 2003 Australian Open and her second Wimbledon title in 2003, all by defeating her older sister, Venus Williams in the finals. To date, she has won 23 Grand Slam singles titles, the most by any player in the Open Era, and the second-most of all time. Serena has appeared in guest roles on The Simpsons (1989) and My Wife and Kids (2000). She was born in Saginaw, Michigan in 1981, to Richard and Oracene Williams. The youngest of five girls, Serena grew up with Venus and older sisters Lyndrea, Isha & Yetunde. She and sister Venus were coached in tennis from an early age by their father, Richard.- Actor
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Considered the greatest diver in history, Greg Louganis is the only male to win gold medals on both 3 meter springboard and 10 meter platform in consecutive Olympic Games (1984, 1988). A trained actor, dancer, model and spokesman, Greg's wide repertoire of skills keeps him in demand and in the public eye.
Full biography
Early life
Greg Louganis was adopted at 9 months by Frances and Peter Louganis, who lived in Lemon Grove, CA, just outside of San Diego. Teased and bullied as a child for the dark skin he inherited from his Samoan father and for his learning "differences," he turned to what he could do well: sport. His first love was gymnastics and by nine years old, he was a "seasoned performer on the local talent show and convalescent-home circuit," (Breaking the Surface).
In 1968, Greg's mom took him to diving practice to keep him from breaking his neck doing stunts off his backyard diving board. He wasn't crazy about the sport at first, but his interest grew when he discovered he was quite good at it.
At the age of 11, Greg entered the national Junior Olympics. During the tough competition, Greg's mom took him outside to find out why he was struggling. He told her he was afraid of letting everyone down. She reassured him, saying that he would always be her son and no matter what, she would always love him. He went back to the pool and moved from twelfth place to tie for second. Those words stayed with him and helped him through every competition in his career.
First Olympics: 1976 Montreal, silver medal, platform (16 years old)
Five years later, Greg was working with diving legend Dr. Sammy Lee. Dr. Lee helped teach Greg to be a fighter, lessons that would be invaluable later in life. At sixteen years old, Greg qualified for the 1976 Montreal Olympic Games, where he won an Olympic silver medal on 10m platform. Four years later, in peak form, Greg was one of the many athletes to suffer from the U.S. boycott of the 1980 Olympic Games. It was widely expected that he would win gold medals in Moscow.
University Years
In 1978, Greg entered the University of Miami on a full diving scholarship and studied theater as part of the BFA program. In 1980, in order to dive with coach Ron O'Brien, he transferred to UC Irvine, also on an athletic scholarship. He graduated in 1983 with a major in drama and a minor in dance. As part of the drama department, Greg was dance captain and a lead player in a production of Pippin and assistant choreographer for The Gondoliers.
Olympic Champion: Securing his place in history
At the Los Angeles Olympic Games in 1984, Greg became the second man in the history of the sport to win gold medals in both springboard and platform, the first being Pete Desjardins in 1928. Following the Olympics, Greg's life was full of appearances, exhibitions, speaking engagements, commercials and modeling. But his time to celebrate was brief; soon he was training again for what would be one of his greatest challenges.
By 1988, Greg's physique had changed a little and he was twice as old as his competition on the Chinese diving team. He had learned he was HIV-positive and was struggling with the physical and emotional toll of his status. Many people will remember the infamous scene during the diving preliminary competition at the Seoul Olympics when Greg, comfortably in first place, performed a reverse two and ½ pike and hit his head on the diving board. For most divers, an accident that severe would be competition ending, if not career ending. But not for Greg... the consummate competitor... the consummate performer.
Despite the concussion, the four stitches, the pain, and his overwhelming fear of spreading HIV, Greg continued the competition and qualified for the finals in third place. He came back in the finals to win gold in the men's three-meter springboard event. On the ten-meter platform, he was neck and neck with his Chinese opponent, 14-year-old Xiong Ni, throughout the competition. The fight for gold came down to the last dive. Xiong Ni's was near perfection, but it wasn't enough. By a difference of only 1.14 points, Greg won gold and earned the distinction of being the only man ever to win gold medals in both springboard and platform in two consecutive Olympics.
Coming out and HIV
In February 1995, Greg shocked the world when, courageously, he announced on Barbara Walter's 20/20 and The Oprah Winfrey Show that he is gay and HIV-positive. The interviews were in advance of the release of his autobiography Breaking the Surface (co-written with Eric Marcus), which detailed the struggles he'd faced on his journey to gold medal glory.
Freed from the secrets he'd carried through his life, Greg pursued his other great loves - animals and acting. He began training and showing dogs, co-authoring the book, For the Life of Your Dog, with Betsy Sikora Siino in 1999. He has appeared in eight films, including narrating a dramatization of Breaking the Surface, starring Mario Lopez. He has appeared in numerous television shows and been interviewed countless times.
Champion for all time
In the spring of 2012, Greg is living a busy life filling many roles, including mentoring the 2012 U.S. Olympic diving team, acting as Vice President for the U.S. Olympian & Paralympian Association, traveling the world as a judge for the Red Bull Cliff Diving Tour, running training camps and authoring a new book, both on creative learning and peak performance, and of course, modeling and acting. But perhaps closest to his heart is the work he does to raise awareness and support for various philanthropic organizations dealing with animals, diversity (GLBT), learning differences and HIV/AIDS.- Shannon Miller was born on 10 March 1977 in Rolla, Missouri, USA. She is an actress, known for Saved by the Bell: The New Class (1993), Audible and Jocking Around (2007). She has been married to John Falconetti since 25 August 2008. They have two children. She was previously married to Chris Phillips.
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Jim Thorpe is an American athlete and Olympic gold medalist. Thorpe became the first Native American to win a gold medal for the United States. Considered one of the most versatile athletes of modern sports, he won Olympic gold medals in the 1912 pentathlon and decathlon, and played American football (collegiate and professional), baseball, and basketball. He lost his Olympic titles after it was found he had been paid for playing two seasons of semi-professional baseball before competing in the Olympics, thus violating the amateurism rules that were then in place. In 1983, 30 years after his death, the International Olympic Committee (IOC) restored his Olympic medals.
Jim Thorpe grew up in Oklahoma, and attended Carlisle Indian Industrial School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, where he was a two-time All-American for the school's football team. After his Olympic success in 1912, which included a record score in the decathlon, he added a victory in the All-Around Championship of the Amateur Athletic Union. In 1913, Thorpe signed with The New York Giants Baseball Team, and he played six seasons in Major League Baseball between 1913 and 1919. Thorpe joined the Canton Bulldogs American football team in 1915, helping them win three professional championships; he later played for six teams in the National Football League (NFL). He played as part of several all-American Indian teams throughout his career, and barnstormed as a professional basketball player with a team composed entirely of American Indians.
From 1920 to 1921, Thorpe was nominally the first president of the American Professional Football Association (APFA), which became the NFL in 1922. He played professional sports until age 41. He struggled to earn a living after that, working several odd jobs. He was married three times and had eight children, before suffering from heart failure and dying in 1953.
Thorpe has received various accolades for his athletic accomplishments. The Associated Press named him the "greatest athlete" from the first 50 years of the 20th century, and the Pro Football Hall of Fame inducted him as part of its inaugural class in 1963. A Pennsylvania town was named in his honor and a monument site there is the site of his remains. Thorpe appeared in several films and was portrayed by Burt Lancaster in the film Jim Thorpe -- All-American (1951).- Dara Grace Torres (born April 15, 1967) is an American former competitive swimmer who is a twelve-time Olympic medalist and former world record-holder in three events. Torres is the first swimmer to represent the United States in five Olympic Games (1984, 1988, 1992, 2000 and 2008), and, at age 41, the oldest swimmer to earn a place on the U.S. Olympic team. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, she competed in the 50-meter freestyle, 4×100-meter medley relay, and 4×100-meter freestyle relay, and won silver medals in all three events.
Torres has won twelve Olympic medals (four gold, four silver, four bronze), one of three women with the most Olympic women's swimming medals. She won five medals at the 2000 Summer Olympics when, at age 33, she was the oldest member of the 2000 U.S. Olympic Swim Team. She has also won at least one medal in each of the five Olympics in which she has competed, making her one of only a handful of Olympians to earn medals in five different Games. - Mark Andrew Spitz (born February 10, 1950) is an American former competition swimmer, nine-time Olympic champion, and former world record-holder in seven events. He won seven gold medals at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich, an achievement surpassed only by Michael Phelps, who won eight golds at the 2008 Summer Olympics in Beijing. Spitz set new world records in all seven events in which he competed in 1972.
Between 1968 and 1972, Spitz won nine Olympic golds, a silver, and a bronze; five Pan American golds; 31 Amateur Athletic Union (AAU) titles; and eight National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) titles. During those years, he set 35 world records, but two were in trials and unofficial. He was named World Swimmer of the Year in 1969, 1971, and 1972 by Swimming World Magazine. He was the third athlete to win nine Olympic gold medals. - Actress
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Jacqueline "Jackie" Joyner-Kersee (born March 3, 1962) is an American retired track and field athlete, ranked among the all-time greatest athletes in the women's heptathlon as well as in the women's long jump. She won three gold, one silver, and two bronze Olympic medals, in those two events at four different Olympic Games. Sports Illustrated for Women magazine voted Joyner-Kersee the Greatest Female Athlete of All-Time, just ahead of Babe Didrikson Zaharias.
After retiring as a competitive athlete, Joyner-Kersee has been involved with many philanthropic efforts and has joined the Board of Directors for USA Track & Field (USATF), the national governing body of the sport.- Producer
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Simone Biles was born on 14 March 1997 in Columbus, Ohio, USA. She is a producer and actress, known for Black-ish (2014), Rio 2016: Games of the XXXI Olympiad (2016) and Mack & Moxy (2015). She has been married to Jonathan Owens since 22 April 2023.- Michael Johnson was born on 13 September 1967 in Dallas, Texas, USA. He has been married to Kerry Doyen since 3 October 1998. They have one child.
- Natalie Coughlin was born on 23 August 1982 in Emeryville, California, USA. She has been married to Ethan Hall since April 2009. They have one child.
- Gary Hall Jr. was born on 26 September 1974 in Cincinnati, Ohio, USA. He has been married to Elizabeth Peterson since 2001. They have two children.
- Lisa Leslie is an American former professional basketball player. She is the head coach for Triplets in the BIG3 professional basketball league, as well as a studio analyst for Orlando Magic broadcasts on Fox Sports Florida.
Leslie played in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA). She is a three-time WNBA MVP and a four-time Olympic gold medal winner. The number-seven pick in the 1997 inaugural WNBA draft, she followed her career at the University of Southern California with eight WNBA All-Star selections and two WNBA championships over the course of eleven seasons with the Los Angeles Sparks, before retiring in 2009. Leslie was the first player to dunk in a WNBA game.
In 2015, she was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. Leslie was also inducted into the Women's Basketball Hall of Fame in 2015. - Bob Mathias was born on 17 November 1930 in Tulare, California, USA. He was an actor, known for The Minotaur, the Wild Beast of Crete (1960), The Bob Mathias Story (1954) and China Doll (1958). He was married to Gwen Alexander and Melba Wiser. He died on 2 September 2006 in Fresno, California, USA.
- Florence Delorez Griffith Joyner (December 21, 1959 - September 21, 1998), also known as Flo-Jo, was an American track and field athlete. She is considered the fastest woman of all time based on the fact that the world records she set in 1988 for both the 100 m and 200 m still stand and have yet to be seriously challenged. During the late 1980s she became a popular figure in international track and field because of her record-setting performances and flashy personal style. She died in her sleep as the result of an epileptic seizure in 1998 at the age of 38. She attended California State University, Northridge (CSUN) and University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA).
- Wilma Glodean Rudolph (June 23, 1940 - November 12, 1994) was an American track and field sprinter, who competed in the 100 and 200 meters dash. Rudolph was considered the fastest woman in the world in the 1960s and competed in two Olympic Games, in 1956 and in 1960.
In the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Rudolph became the first American woman to win three gold medals in track and field during a single Olympic Games. A track and field champion, she elevated women's track to a major presence in the United States. As a member of the black community, she is also regarded as a civil rights and women's rights pioneer. Along with other 1960 Olympic athletes such as Cassius Clay (who later became Muhammad Ali), Rudolph became an international star due to the first international television coverage of the Olympics that year.
The powerful sprinter emerged from the 1960 Rome Olympics as "The Tornado, the fastest woman on earth". The Italians nicknamed her La Gazzella Nera ("The Black Gazelle"); to the French she was La Perle Noire ("The Black Pearl"). - Bob Beamon was born on 29 August 1946 in Jamaica, Queens, New York City, New York, USA. He is an actor, known for Goldengirl (1979), Fists of Freedom: The Story of the '68 Summer Games (1999) and Salute (2008).
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Mariel Margaret "Mia" Hamm-Garciaparra (born March 17, 1972) is a retired American professional association football player and two time olympic gold medalist and FIFA Women's World Cup winner. Hamm played many years as a forward for the United States women's national soccer team and was a founding member of the Washington Freedom. Hamm held the record for international goals, more than any other player, male or female, in the history of soccer. until 2013 when fellow American Abby Wambach scored her 159th goal to break the record and Christine Sinclair of Canada past her in August 2016. Hamm is also the third most capped female player in soccer history behind Kristine Lilly and Christie Rampone, appearing in 275 international matches. She also holds the national team record for most career assists with 144.- Director
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Edwin Moses was born on 31 August 1955 in Dayton, Ohio, USA. He is a director and actor, known for Australian Geography (1971), Our Land Australia (1972) and Where Dead Men Lie (1971). He was previously married to Myrella Bordt.- Dick Fosbury was born on 6 March 1947 in Portland, Oregon, USA. He was married to Barbara Robins Tomasi, Karen Louise Spens and Janet Jarvis. He died on 12 March 2023 in Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
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A distinguished American athlete and occasional actor with many other strings to his bow, Rafer Johnson was a UCLA basketball star who went on to become Pan American decathlon champion in 1955, a two time decathlon silver medallist at the Melbourne Olympics (despite injuries) and winner of gold four years later in Rome. In 1968, he joined the Special Olympics International Board of Directors as a co-founding member and the following year also co-founded the California Special Olympics, serving as board president from 1983 to 1992. He was briefly a member of the Peace Corps during the administration of John F. Kennedy. While sports anchor at KNBC in Los Angeles, he took time out to support his close friend Robert F. Kennedy during the latter's 1968 presidential campaign in the role of advisor and quasi bodyguard. Along with L.A. Rams football star Roosevelt Grier he famously tackled Kennedy's assassin Sirhan Sirhan and secured the murder weapon, a .22 caliber revolver. In 1984, Johnson was the torch bearer at the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. He became an inductee into the World Sports Humanitarian Hall of Fame in 1994, the California's Hall of Fame in 2009 and seven years later was awarded the UCLA medal.
In between his many sporting achievements, Johnson enjoyed a modest acting career. At its outset, he had befriended film legend Kirk Douglas while in Rome training for the 1960 Olympics and was offered the plum role of the Ethiopian slave Draba in the upcoming blockbuster epic Spartacus (1960). Since accepting the part would have made Johnson a professional actor and therefore disqualified him from participating in the games, he had little choice but to turn down the offer. The role subsequently went to fellow athlete Woody Strode. After 1960, Johnson appeared sporadically in films, often cast as native Africans in period adventures (The Sins of Rachel Cade (1961), The Fiercest Heart (1961), Tarzan and the Great River (1967)) and subsequently guest-starred in episodes of Mission: Impossible (1966),Roots: The Next Generations (1979) and Quincy M.E. (1976). He also made a brief appearance as a DEA operative in the James Bond thriller Licence to Kill (1989).
Rafer Johnson passed away on December 2 2020 in Sherman Oaks, California, at the age of 85.- Al Oerter was born on 19 September 1936 in Astoria, Queens, New York City, New York, USA. He was married to Cathy Carroll and Corinne Benedetto. He died on 1 October 2007 in Fort Myers, Florida, USA.
- Nastia Liukin was born on 30 October 1989 in Moscow, Russian SFSR, USSR [now Russia]. She is an actress, known for Beijing 2008: Games of the XXIX Olympiad (2008), Stick It (2006) and Dancing with the Stars (2005).
- Paul Hamm was born on 24 September 1982 in Waukesha, Wisconsin, USA. He is an actor, known for The Vampire Diaries (2009), Sasuke (1997) and 2003 World Championships Gymnastics (2003).
- Matt Biondi was born on 8 October 1965 in Moraga, California, USA. He has been married to Kirsten Metzger since 1995. They have three children.
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Aly Raisman, the daughter of Lynn and Rick Raisman, was born in Needham, Massachusetts, and graduated from Needham High School. She began taking gymnastics at the age of two. Raisman started her senior career in 2010, and that season, she helped the U.S. national team finish second at the World Championships. At the following year's Worlds, she helped the Americans finish first in the team competition and also finished third individually in the floor exercise event. Raisman was the women's national team captain at the 2012 Summer Olympics and led the U.S. to the team gold medal. She then won the bronze medal on balance beam and the gold medal on floor exercise. In 2013, Raisman was a contestant on season 16 of Dancing with the Stars (2005).- Actor
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Mitch Gaylord first thrilled the world in 1984 when he led the United States Olympic gymnastics team to its Gold Medal victory. In addition to being the first American Gymnast in history to score a Perfect "10", Mitch went on to capture a Silver medal for Vaulting and two Bronze medals for Rings and Parallel Bars. As the number one ranked gymnast in 1983 and 1984, Mitch invented two skills now named internationally after him. To this day, the Gaylord Flip and the Gaylord Two are considered among the most difficult and spectacular feats in gymnastics.
After the Olympics, Mitch was appointed to the President's Council for Physical Fitness by President Reagan and was asked to return for a second term under President George Bush, Senior. During this time, he fulfilled numerous speaking engagements, endorsements and appearances across the country. In 1986, Mitch made his acting debut in Columbia Pictures' "American Anthem" and went on to appear in several commercial advertisements including Diet Coke, Nike, Vidal Sassoon, Soloflex, Levi's, and Texaco to name a few.
In 1995, he was inducted into UCLA's Hall of Fame, and in 2006, he was inducted into the US Olympic Hall of Fame. Mitch has served as a journalist/broadcaster for FOX Sports during the Atlanta Olympics and anchored the 2009 Maccabiah Games in Israel with JLTV. He has also served as a Celebrity Judge on NBC's "Celebrity Circus".
As a motivational speaker and fitness expert, Mitch was asked to endorse several fitness products for the DRTV market including Suzanne Somers' "Torso Track" and "Body Row", as well as, "OrbiTrek Platinum" for Thane International.
With a strong entrepreneurial spirit, Mitch went on to create Gold Medal Fitness, LLC and the "Melt it OFF! with Mitch" workout program, which has been on-air for the last four years. It was through this project he personally motivated, trained, and inspired over 100 people to achieve their health and fitness goals by teaching them to Embrace their Greatness.- Actress
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Mary Lou Retton (born January 24, 1968) is a retired American gymnast. At the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, she won a gold medal in the individual all-around competition, as well as two silver medals and two bronze medals. Her performance made her one of the most popular athletes in the United States.
Retton was the first ever American woman to win the all-around gold medal at the Olympics and was the only one to do so for twenty years. She is credited with being a pioneering figure in American women's gymnastics, including by the four American women who have since equaled her feat consecutively: Carly Patterson (Athens in 2004), Nastia Liukin (2008 in Beijing), Gabby Douglas (2012 in London) and Simone Biles (2016 in Rio de Janeiro). Twice during that span, Americans also took silver as part of a one-two finish: Shawn Johnson in 2008 and Aly Raisman in 2016. Furthermore, prior to Retton's Olympic triumph, no American woman had won all-around gold at the World Championships; since then, seven Americans have done so a combined eleven times - in chronological order, Kim Zmeskal, Shannon Miller (twice), Chellsie Memmel, Johnson, Bridget Sloan, Jordyn Wieber and Simone Biles (three times).- Actor
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Muhammad Ali beat more champions and top contenders than any heavyweight champion in history. He defeated heavyweight kings Sonny Liston (twice), Floyd Patterson (twice), Ernie Terrell, Jimmy Ellis, Ken Norton (twice), Joe Frazier (twice), George Foreman and Leon Spinks. He defeated light-heavyweight champs Archie Moore and Bob Foster. Ali defeated European heavyweight champions Henry Cooper, Karl Mildenberger, Jürgen Blin, Joe Bugner, Richard Dunn, Jean-Pierre Coopman and Alfredo Evangelista. He defeated British and Commonwealth king Brian London. All of Ali's defeats were by heavyweight champions: Frazier, Norton, Spinks, Larry Holmes and Trevor Berbick. Ali also beat undefeated fighters Sonny Banks (12-0), Billy Daniels (16-0), 'Rudi Lubbers' (21-0) and George Foreman (40-0).- Duke Kahanamoku was one of the great Olympic heroes of all time. Born in Hawaii, Duke grew up swimming and entered the 1912 Stockholm Olympics for the United States (Hawaii was not yet a state, but a U.S. possession)and became an international star by winning the Men's 100-Meter Freestyle, something he repeated eight years later at the 1920 Antwerp games (there was no 1916 Olympics as there was World War I) and he won the silver medal while Johnny Weissmuller won the gold (Duke's brother Sam won the bronze) at the 1924 Paris Olympics. All told, Duke won three gold and two silver medals in four Olympic games. He later had a Hollywood career in which he usually played a native chief or a Hawaiian king.added 01 August 2022